The organelle that synthesizes proteins is the ribosome. Ribosomes are essential to all cells, and they can either be found floating free in the cells' fluids or in eukaryotes embedded in a structure known as the endoplasmic reticulum.
I believe the climate, and what hemisphere (north or south) that ecosystem is in.<span />
Extinction happens when there is a major climate change, then some species are unable to adapt to those changes, so they become extinct. Extinction basically occurs when species are unable to adapt quickly enough to the environment