when preparing to discharge a patient who had an indwelling urinary catheter removed 24 hours ago, the nurse would offer patient education regarding common complication Urinary tract infection.
- Infection and growth of germs in the urinary tract (the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra). The bladder or urethra is the site of the majority of urinary tract infections. Diabetes, hormonal changes, kidney stones, an enlarged prostate, or a spinal cord injury can all raise the risk of a urinary tract infection. Other risk factors include pelvic radiation therapy or surgery, taking certain medications (such as anticancer drugs), and using a catheter to empty the bladder. Urinary tract infections are very frequent, particularly among women. Also known as UTI.
- Urinary catheters are flexible tubes that are used to empty the bladder and collect urine in a drainage bag. A doctor or nurse will generally install a urinary catheter.
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Answer:
Answer is A-B toxin.
Explanation:
A membrane-disrupting toxin is toxin that affect the cell membrane. The effect of its secretion could be by interrupting the phospholipid layer or through pores formation on the membrane.
Membrane- disrupting toxins are regarded as exotoxins. Examples are leukocidin and hemolysin which their effects cause leakages of the cytoplasmic content and lysis of the cell, through the formation of pores on the cell membrane.
The A-B toxin are produced by the proteins of pathogenic organisms such as the bacteria. Example is botulinum toxin.
Explanation:
viruses are very small -- 100 times smaller than the average bacterium, so small that they can't be seen with an ordinary microscope. Viruses can only exert influence by invading a cell, because they're not cellular structures. They lack the ability to replicate on their own, so viruses are merely tiny packets of DNA or RNA genes enfolded in a protein coating, on the hunt for a cell they can dominate.
The filtration pressure in the glomerulus is determined by the balance of two pressures that are colloid osmotic pressure and blood hydrostatic pressure.
A blood test called a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measures how well your kidneys are functioning. Glomeruli are little filters found in your kidneys.
These filters aid in clearing the blood of waste and extra fluid. How much blood flows through these filters each minute is determined by a GFR test.
Along with the permeability and surface area of the glomerular membrane, it is governed by the equilibrium of blood hydrostatic and colloid osmotic forces across the membrane.
Autoregulation keeps renal blood flow and, consequently, GFR constant between mean arterial blood pressure ranges of 80 and 180 mm Hg.
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Note : The question is incomplete and consist of four options
a) Lymphatic
b) Colloid osmotic
c) Blood hydrostatic
d) Venous
