As most microbes reproduce asexually, "species" are defined by differences in their DNA sequences. when the genome of soil microbe a is analyzed, long stretches of genes from multiple species of other soil microbial species are discovered. This indicates that the microbes present in the soil underwent transformation and transfection. Transformation, shown in the image, is the process of the prokaryotic nucleus taking up the foreign DNA from other microbes present in the environment. Tranfection is like transformation but for the eukaryotic cells.
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There are several reasons why it might be a good idea to write down your ideas and discoveries when you perform initial research on a topic. First, when you begin your research, you might get a lot of questions and doubts because you are not familiar with the topic. If you write these down, you are more likely to seek answers to these questions later on and gain a better understanding of them. Second, your initial ideas might not be all good, but they might lead you towards a good thesis. Writing them down ensures that these are not lost. Finally, by writing down your ideas and thoughts you actively engage with the subject, leading you to a better understanding of it.
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