The term was used for accusation of disloyalty with little or no evidence.
What sparked the Boxer Rebellion was "proto-nationalist sentiment and opposition to foreign imperialism and associated Christian missionary activity." It was crushed by the Great Powers, which was the United Kingdom, Austria-Hungary, Russia, Japan, France, the United States, Germany and Italy who came in and defeated the Chinese forces.
Answer:
When the vice president is absent, the president pro tempore presides over the Senate. Junior senators fill in as presiding officer when neither the vice president nor president pro tempore is on the Senate Floor.
Explanation:
The muckrakers used the printed word (articles and books primarily) to draw attention to systemic abuses in American society during the Gilded Age (1877-1895). Writers such as Lincoln Steffens, <em>The Shame of the Cities</em>; Ida Tarbell, <em>History of Standard Oil</em>; and Upton Sinclair, <em>The Jungle</em> exposed abuses in urban life, monopolistic practices in business and the meatpacking industry. These works laid the groundwork for the reforms of the Progressive Era (1895-1920).
Populists fought monopolistic practices by railroads and producers in the West by championing cooperative enterprise among farmers. The Progressives did much the same in relationship to challenging unfair practices in urban areas and in factories. They like their Populist counterparts launched political movements at the local, state and federal level to enact laws favorable to their positions.
Suffrage at the national level was the culmination of more than sixty years of struggle by American women to achieve basic rights in American society. Women achieved success at the state level in a piecemeal way and finally obtained federal legislation in the form of the 19th Amendment, which was ratified in 1920.
