Answer:
A mutation is a change that occurs in our DNA sequence, either due to mistakes when the DNA is copied or as the result of environmental factors such as UV light and cigarette smoke. Mutations can occur during DNA replication if errors are made and not corrected in time.
The significant role of spore formation in the reproductive cycle of this bacterium would be to allow the bacteria to survive in extreme conditions. The spore formed is called an endospore which is a thick cover made of protein. These spores are mostly resistant to heat and chemicals which makes the bacteria survive in harsh conditions. Spores can only be destroyed by sterilization and it require very high pressures and very temperatures. In microbiology and medical settings, this process is usually done in a device known as the autoclave. Sterilization is a process that involves the killing of all microorganism in a system whether it is harmful or beneficial.
Option C 100mv because the membrane goes from -70 mV to +30 mV. Thus, during the action potential, the inside of the cell becomes more positive than the outside of the cell.
External stimulus. The rain is something out of your control while you're waiting. Rain is not something you are doing nor is it a response to you waiting for the bus.
Epithelial cells also carry out active transport.
Hope this helps.
~Jurgen
