Answer and Explanation:
The subject of the email is too long and contains all the information. The subject should have been: Proposal draft due on Friday. Rest of the information should have been included in the body of the email.
Answer:
I'm not sure what this question is about, but the concept of the income expenditures model and its components is the following:
In the income (or aggregate) expenditures model, its author (Keynes) established certain assumptions in order to analyze how the economy works as a whole. His assumptions included that investment, government spending and net exports were all independent from income level.
When the economy is at equilibrium, total expenditures (GDP) = income level = consumption + government + investment + net exports
Another important assumptions are:
- marginal propensity to consume (MPC) + marginal propensity to save (MPS) = 1
- consumption = autonomous consumption + [MPC x (total income level - taxes)]
Savings = investment increase when disposable income increases or real GDP increases.
This model is used to explain the relationship between labor and production levels, and how they are affected by the economy's total expenditures. By increasing expenditures, the demand for labor and products/services will increase.
Answer:
c. faces a downward-sloping demand curve for its product
Explanation:
Perfect Competition is a market form, having large no. of sellers, selling homogeneous products at constant prices. So, constant prices imply that their demand curve is horizontal, perfectly elastic.
Monopolistic Competition is a market form, having many sellers, selling slightly differentiated products which are incomplete substitutes of each other. The prices also vary from firm to firm, depending on product quality. So, these firms have usual downward sloping curve, denoting price-demand inverse relationship.
Hello. You did not present a diagram to which the question refers. However, I will try to help you in the best possible way.
The income effect is the term related to the increase or decrease in the consumer's purchasing power in relation to the fluctuation in the price of consumer products and the value of the national currency. On the other hand, the substitution effect refers to the impact between the variation of the consumers' income value and the product's prices.
