1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
likoan [24]
3 years ago
15

What is the immune systems first line of defense against invading pathogens

Biology
1 answer:
GREYUIT [131]3 years ago
8 0
The first line of defense, <span>includes physical and chemical barriers. These include your skin, tears, mucus, cilia, stomach acid, urine flow, bacteria and white blood cells called necrophiliacs.</span>
You might be interested in
In a unique species of plants, flowers may be yellow, blue, red, or mauve. All colors may be true-breeding. If plants with blue
Zolol [24]

Answer:

F1) 100% bbRr, red flowered plants.

Explanation:

<u>Available data:</u>

  • flowers may be yellow, blue, red, or mauve
  • colors may be true-breeding
  • the cross of blue-flowered plants with red-flowered plants, produce plants that have yellow flowers
  • F2 generation: 9/16 yellow, 3/16 blue, 3/16 red, and 1/16 mauve.

Knowing that the phenotypic ratio is 9:3:3:1, we can assume that there are two genes involved in the flower color expression. We can name these genes B and R with a dominant and a recessive allele each (B, b and R, r respectively).

According to the first cross, we might establish the following genotypes:

1st Cross: blue-flowered plant     x     red-flowered plant

Parentals)         BBrr                     x                bbRR

Gametes)     Br, Br, Br, Br                         bR, bR, bR, bR

F1) 100% BbRr, yellow plants

Parentals)   BbRr     x     BbRr

Gametes) BR, Br, bR, br

                BR, Br, bR, br

Punnett square)     BR       Br        bR          br

                  BR     BBRR    BBRr   BbRR     BbRr

                  Br      BBRr     BBrr     BbRr      Bbrr

                  bR     BbRR    BbRr    bbRR      bbRr                    

                  br      BbRr     Bbrr      bbRr      bbrr

F2)  9/16 yellow ---> 1/16 BBRR + 2/16 BBRr + 4/16 BbRr + 2/16 BbRR  

       3/16 blue ------> 1/16 BBrr + 2/16 Bbrr

       3/16 red---------> 1/16 bbRR + 2/16 bbRr

       1/16 mauve ----> 1/16 bbrr    

So,

  • Yellow-flowered plants: BBRR, BBRr, BbRR, BbRr
  • Red-flowered plants: bbRR, bbRr
  • Blue-flowered plants: BBrr, Bbrr
  • Mauve-flowered plants: bbrr

According to these genotypes, the second cross would be like following,

2nd Cross: true-breeding red-flowered plants with true-breeding mauve flowered plants.                

Parentals)          bbRR       x        bbrr

Phenotype)       Red                   Mauve

Gametes)   bR, bR, bR, bR      br, br, br, br

Punnett square)    bR       bR        bR        bR                    

                    br    bbRr     bbRr    bbRr     bbRr

                    br    bbRr     bbRr    bbRr     bbRr

                    br    bbRr     bbRr    bbRr     bbRr

                    br    bbRr     bbRr    bbRr     bbRr

F1) 100% bbRr, red flowered plants.

6 0
3 years ago
Which of the following is not a characteristic of living things
snow_tiger [21]

cannot breathe, is not a living organism, doesn't grow doesn't move

5 0
3 years ago
Which is an example of codominance
ikadub [295]
Roan fur in cattle, in which white and red hair is equally expressed.
6 0
3 years ago
Will give BRAINLIEST to the correct answer!
lyudmila [28]
Movement : kinesis
Behavior: It is sometimes called a roly-poly due to its ability to roll into ball when disturbed
3 0
3 years ago
Individuals belonging to the subculture known for love of motorbikes and leather. Rival of the group known as mod
Nadusha1986 [10]
The subculture with an affinity for motorbikes and leather is known as Rockers. The rival group, those that prefer fashion and music, is known as Mod. These subcultures are of British origin and are divided on the basis of their tastes.

Rockers are also referred to as Leather Boys, given how much they enjoy wearing and using leather items.
4 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • When people have their gallbladders removed, their bodies no longer have a place to store bile, and the bile flows from the live
    12·1 answer
  • Diffusion occurs because of the ________________________ of molecules.
    12·1 answer
  • Unlike microtubules, which operate in the cilia and flagella, what is the role of microfilaments in eukaryotic cells? anchor cel
    13·1 answer
  • How do you like your eggs fried or fertilized
    6·1 answer
  • What is the purpose of a ribosome
    13·2 answers
  • What tissue connects muscles to bones?
    8·1 answer
  • Delete this question
    13·1 answer
  • Contamination of food items by other living organisms is known as:
    7·2 answers
  • What always affects measurement error in an experiment?
    14·1 answer
  • The growth, development, and division that most cells go through is called the
    11·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!