_____________ are the tiny areas at the tip of chromosomes that grow shorter each time a cell divides and eventually disappear,
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Oftentimes UV light can cause the genetic code of an organism to mutate, leading to a variety of errors, some of which are not compatible with life.
UV light is considered to be a mutagen. What this means is that the exposure of cells to UV light often leads directly to a mutation in the genetic code of that cell. This correlation has been studied extensively and shown to affect the nucleotides of DNA, which are:
- A base (adenine)
- T base (thymine)
- G base (guanine)
- C base (cytosine)
The exposure to UV light causes the base nucleotides in the DNA of an organism to oxidize. This oxidization causes the base pairs to form dimers. Most often the dimer formed is of a <u>thymine base</u>. This can be thought of as the fusion between two thymine bases, which will alter the frame in which DNA is read and <u>cause all sorts of abnormalities</u>.
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