Answer:
Judgmental heuristic.
Explanation:
As the exercise introduces with the example of the two classmates, we can see that a judgmental heuristic is a series of principles or methods by which one makes assessments, judgements, probabilities, etc., simpler. For example the rule that "the faster people talk, the smarter they are" or, another one, the taller a person is, the better they are at basketball. You make an assessment to reduce a quantity, make a probability simpler, to narrow options.
Answer:
The Constitution explicitly assigns the president the power to sign or veto legislation, command the armed forces, ask for the written opinion of their Cabinet, convene or adjourn Congress, grant reprieves and pardons, and receive ambassadors.
