The public education movement emphasized that civil responsibility and morality needed to be taught in order to have an effective democracy.
Horace Mann, who started the common school movement in Massachusetts, believed that universal public education was the best way to turn the nation's children into judicious republican citizens.
Around that time, men were off in the war, leaving women to work the factory jobs. They had more work as more men fought.
Answer: B. Andrew Carnegie
Explanation: Andrew Carnegie objected to U.S. intervention in Cuba.
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⇒ Counterculture youth questioned their parents' cultural values, particularly racial segregation, the Vietnam War, social mores, women's rights, and materialism. Hippies were the most populous countercultural group, consisting primarily of white middle-class people.