The reactivity of an atom is due to the number and arrangement of Electrons (b) in the outer energy level.
Electrons "bond" they're the ones that react to create other elements.
Examples: Salt (NaCl) Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
And so on, and so forth. Thus, your answer....B.
Answer;
-Coevolution;
Explanation;
-Coevolution is a change in one species that results from a change in another species that it interacts with. Coevolution occurs when two or more species reciprocally affect each other's evolution. Example; Different warbler species share the same food source. They have adapted by living in different areas of trees to reduce competition.
-Coevolution is common among organisms participating in a mutual interaction. In mutualism, both the organisms benefit from each other. When coevolution occurs among mutually benefiting species, it is called mutualistic coevolution.
Answer:
In the absence of decomposers, soil, air, and water would not be replenished, and all the nutrients present would soon get exhausted. Hence, the cyclic process of life and death would be disrupted and life would come to an end.
Answer:
either the first one lactic acid fermentation or the third one alcoholic fermentation
Creating a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in higher plants uses cyclic electron flow (CEF), which primarily serves two purposes: (1) producing ATP and balancing the ATP/NADPH energy budget; and (2) defending photosystems I and II from photoinhibition.
ATP and NADPH are produced by noncyclic electron transport. The single product of cyclic electron transport was ATP. Both steps are required by a plant to produce the required amount of ATP for the Calvin Cycle. The electrons are released by photosystem I and then brought back into the system during cyclic photophosphorylation. However, in non-cyclic photophosphorylation, the electrons that the photosystems emit do not come back.
learn more about photosystems here;
brainly.com/question/13034934
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