"Never borne arms against the U.S." means that "he" has never opposed the U.S. and that he hasn't helped the enemies of the U.S. Sadly, I can only answer one half of your question for now, but I hope this helps!
Answer:
weaponry and transportation systems
Explanation: were a significant part of European efforts to establish colonial control on the continent.
The war affected the German-Texans who compromised to five percent of Texa’s population. As the war went on, the German clubs had to closed due to the war and bad things came along after that for them. They suffered beatings, whooping, and criticism. Some of the German-Texans were even murder because of this same reason, the criticism.
The anwser is four I hope I helped you
