Watermelon and rubber bands; shows weakness of how the watermelon has evolved over time?
Plants might take up some of the excess sodium chloride in the place of the magnesium and potassium they also need, leading to nutritional deficiencies.
Plants suffering from high levels of soil salt concentration often cause damage to their roots. Symptoms include yellowed leaves with scorched edges; potassium deficiencies are common problem. Needles on every green trees may turn yellow or brown in the spring.
(Source: http://www.ehow.com/facts_7350144_happens-used-melt-ice-roads_.html)
The answer is B. I believe that this is the answer because the barnacle is benefiting from the gray whale without harming, or affecting it in the process.