The correct choice is <u><em>b) the discovery of Louis Pasteur that diseases could be spread by bacteria.
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Further Explanation:
The era of industrialization speeded up the economic recovery of modern Europe, however, it had several side effects as several workers were affected with diseases whose causes and sources went undetected. French chemist and microbiologist Louis Pasteur pioneered the discovery of the fact that some of these diseases were caused by bacteria, who could form even in the most inhospitable situations. With this discovery, he invented the vaccines for anthrax and rabies, by introducing dead germs or much weakened forms of germs of the disease into the human body, which would enable the body to form antibodies, thereby preventing the person from falling prey to the disease. His discovery that the presence of bacteria in alcohol caused it to go sour, which led him to conclude the reason for food getting stale in warm weathers and climate. This discovery led to a milestone invention of food preservation, in a process by heating the food to a hot temperature and then allowing it to cool off. This resulted in killing any harmful bacteria that was present in the food. This process came to be known as Pasteurization, and since then, came to be applied by all food industries in food preservation technologies.
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Chapter: The Industrial Revolution and its effects.
Subject: History.
Keywords:
Diseases, bacteria, antibodies, food preservation
