Answer:
All net income, less all dividends, since the company began operations.
Explanation:
Retained Earnings are the retained profits that the company keeps with itself, for meeting any case of emergency or for growing company and thus, meeting the growing expenses.
Each year when company earns profits and then, it distributes its profits in the form of dividends, the balance remaining after paying the dividends is added to retained earnings.
Thus, the entire balance of these kind of profits not paid anywhere else and also not utilized is called retained earnings.
 
        
             
        
        
        
Explanation:
It is given that in the market there are four equal-sized firms that produce similar products. The market is saturated such that 10% industry-wide price rise would lead to 18% decline in units sold by all firms in the industry. Going further, there is a proposed legislation that imposes a tariff on a key input used by the industry, which on realization would result in the increase in marginal cost by $2.
This means that the market elasticity of demand is:
[ FIND THE ATTACHMENT FOR SOLUTION]
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
True
Explanation:
The relationship between Larry and Happy Homes, Inc. has to be a written agreement. This is because the agreement is a contract between both Larry and Happy Homes Inc. involving the sale of his house which he has given Happy Homes the right to find a buyer for.
So when Happy Homes, Inc. find a buyer, Larry will be notified and the processes will take place as stated in the contract between Larry and Happy Homes, Inc. 
cheers. 
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
political action committee
Explanation:
A political action committee is an organization set up by a political party to gather funds through the contribution and donation from members of the party. The funds collected by the political action committee are used to support the party candidate or campaign against the opposition party candidate. The political action committee is not obligated by law to disclose the identities of donors.