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Vika [28.1K]
3 years ago
7

Suppose an apartment complex converts to a condominium, so that the former renters are now owners of their housing units. Suppos

e further that a current estimate of the value of the condominium owners' housing services is the same as the rent they previously paid. What happens to GDP as a result of this conversion?
Business
1 answer:
Lorico [155]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

GDP is likely to remain same as a result of this conversion.

Explanation:

GDP is the total value of goods & services, produced by an economy, during a given year.

It can be calculated by 2 methods

  • By Expenditure method : GDP = Private Final Capital Expenditure + Govt. Final Consumption Expenditure + Gross Domestic Capital Formation + Net Exports
  • By Income method : NDP = Compensation of Employees + Operating Surplus (Rent + Profit + Income) + Mixed Income

Given case - Converting a rented apartment into a resident owned condominium , with value of housing services = rent formerly paid :

This brings no change in the GDP, as : The apartment 'rent' previously paid was included in 'operating surplus' of national income, by Income method. And, the equal condominium value is now included in investment addition i.e 'Gross domestic capital formation' , by Income method.

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Suppose the state of Wyoming passes a law that increases the tax on cigarettes. As aresult, smokers who live in Wyoming start pu
fomenos

Answer:

a. People respond to incentives.

Explanation:

Assuming the state of Wyoming passes a law that increases the tax on cigarettes thereby causing smokers who live in Wyoming to start purchasing their cigarettes in surrounding states.

Consequently, an increase in the tax on cigarettes altered the behavior of the smokers in Wyoming, it made them to purchase from neighboring states.

This illustrates or reflect the fact that people respond to incentives.

6 0
4 years ago
The relationship between financial leverage and profitability Pelican Paper, Inc., and Timberland Forest, Inc., are rivals in th
OLEGan [10]

Answer:

Pelican Paper, Inc., and Timberland Forest, Inc.

Financial leverage and profitability Ratio Analysis

A. Computation of debt and coverage ratios:

1. debt ratio  = Total debt to Total assets x 100

Pelican = $1,000,000/$10,000,000 x 100

= 10%

Timberland =v$5,000,000/$10,000,000 x 100

= 50%

2. times interest earned ratio = EBIT/Interests

Pelican = $6,250,000/$100,000

= 62.5 times

Timberland = $6,250,000/$500,000

= 12.5 times

A discussion of their financial risk and ability to cover the costs:

Pelican Paper's financial leverage is 10% compared to Timberland's 50%, showing that debt creditors finance and lay claim to half of the company's assets.  This is very high and not attractive to potential investors and creditors.  Timberland has already hampered its ability to borrow more as it is highly leveraged.  Whereas Pelican Paper can meet its debt obligations and pay its interest expenses 62.5 times from current earnings, these pale in comparison with Timberland's 12.5 times, further jeopardizing its opportunities for more debt financing.

B. Calculation of the profitability ratios:

1. Operating profit margin  = EBIT/Sales x 100

Pelican Paper = $6,250,000/$25,000,000 x 100 = 25%

Timberland = $6,250,000/$25,000,000 x 100 = 25%

2. Net profit margin  = (EBIT less Interest)/Sales x 100

Pelican Paper = ($6,250,000 - $100,000)/$25,000,000 x 100

= $6,150,000/$25,000,000 x 100 = 24.6%

Timberland = ($6,250,000 - $500,000)/$25,000,000 x 100

= $5,750,000/$25,000,000 x 100 = 23%

3. Return on total assets  = EBIT/Total Assets x 100

Pelican Paper = $6,250,000/$10,000,000 x 100

= 62.5%

Timberland = $6,250,000/$10,000,000 x 100

= 62.5%

4. Return on common equity = Earnings available to Common Stockholders/Equity x 100

Pelican = $3,690,000/$9,000,000 x 100

= 41%

Timberland = $3,450,000/$5,000,000 x 100

= 69%

A discussion of their profitability relative to one another:

The two companies make the same level of operating profit margin at 25%, but Pelican's net profit margin of 24.6% is better than Timberland's 23%.  They show that Pelican's management has better ability to control expenses than Timberland's.

The returns on assets are similar for both companies, but Timberland performed better than Pelican Paper in terms of the return on equity.  This shows that Timberland with ROE of 69% is making larger returns for its common stockholders than Pelican because it is leveraging debts, whose interests are tax-deductible, and also using less equity in generating the returns.

C. The larger debt of Timberland has made it more profitable than Pelican Paper because the debt interests are deductible from EBIT before tax expense is computed and it reduces the tax burden for the company, thus making it to pay less tax and saving more profits for distribution to its stockholders.

However, this higher return to the investors in Timberland also comes with higher risks, as the investors are exposed to debt risks, higher pressure to satisfy debt creditors, heightened interference and oversight from creditors since they own half of the assets of the company, and an increased threat of business takeover in case of debt default.

Explanation:

a) Data:

Items                        Pelican Paper, INC    Timberland Forest, INC

Total assets              $10,000,000               $10,000,000

Total equity                  9,000,000                   5,000,000

Total Debt                     1,000,000                   5,000,000

Annual Interest                100,000                      500,000

Total Sales                 25,000,000                25,000,000

EBIT                              6,250,000                  6,250,000

Earnings available for  common

stockholders               3,690,000                   3,450,000

b) Ratio computation and analysis help companies to compare their performances and positions with competitors.  They can spot risks facing a company and even point out ways to address such business risks.

8 0
3 years ago
Please answer that question
SOVA2 [1]
1) agree 2)agree 3)disagree 4) disagree 5) agree 6) agree 7) agree 8) agree
7 0
3 years ago
Organisms exhibiting complex multicellularity are large and have cells/tissues that are not in contact with their environment. S
maxonik [38]

Answer:

Explanation: the question should be, Why is bulk flow a necessary condition of complex multicellularity?

Then here is the answer, Multicellular organisms are that have plenty cells and they have s complex units that makes up their functions and makes them to begin to function as one.

Organisms exhibiting complex multicellularity are big and have cells/tissues that are not usually in contact with their environment. They are have systems that can overcome the limits of diffusion (movement from area of higher concentration to that of lower) must evolve for basic physiologic processes to occur.

7 0
3 years ago
Bothell Company uses a job order costing system that allocates estimated overhead as 40% of prime costs. What is the cost of a j
Juli2301 [7.4K]

Answer:

$10,080

Explanation:

The computation of the cost of the job is shown below:

We know that

prime cost = direct material + Direct labor

= $2,000 + $5,200

= $,7200

Now  overhead is

= 40% of $7200

= $2,880

And,

Cost of job = direct material + Direct labor + overhead

= $2,000 + $5,200 + $2,880

= $10,080

4 0
3 years ago
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