In cell signalling, after a signal is sent, signal molecules bind to receptors on target cells and some activity in a target cell changes.
There are three stages in cell signalling :
1. The process of reception occurs when a signalling molecule from the extracellular environment is recognized by a cell. The chemical signal, which is also known as a ligand, is recognized as a signal when it attaches to a receptor protein either on the exterior of the cell or on the interior of the cell.
2. Transduction: This process occurs when the signalling molecule interacts with the receptor, which causes a change in the protein that makes up the receptor. The process of transduction is kicked off by this modification. In most cases, signal transduction occurs through a pathway that consists of numerous stages. The signal transduction route contains relay molecules, each of which influences the subsequent molecule in the pathway.
3. Reaction: In the third and last step, the signal causes a certain cellular response.
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Answer:
Diffusion, osmosis and active transport are three similar chemical methods by which single molecules or very small structures are moved across membranes or relatively short distances, often within or between cells.
Explanation:
The movement of substances in and out of cells is a very important part of biology as without it no cell and so no organism could live very long. Substances can only cross the protective cell membrane by diffusion, osmosis or active transport. Mass flow only works at the organ, tissue and whole organism level.
Answer:
<h3>Max maximum in autotrophs and producer</h3>
Sunlight and h20 and co2 are present
The water cycle is driven primarily by the energy from the sun.
