Neurotransmitters. With the regard to the process of the neural transmission, a refractory period refers to the time in interval in which. the Positively charged sodium ions are to pumped back to outside a neural membrane.
Neurotransmitters are the chemical messengers that your body can't function without it. Their job is to carry out chemical signals (“messages”) from one of the neuron (nerve cell) to the next target cell. The next target of the cell can be another nerve cell, a muscle cell or the gland.
Fortunately, the seven “small molecule” are neurotransmitters (acetylcholine, dopamine, the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), or glutamate, histamine, norepinephrine, and the serotonin) do the majority of the work.
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Vitaim b1. was the found in 1910

Arctic <u>cod</u> , fish that produces antifreeze proteins in its blood.
Answer:
Endocrine glands and their hormones
The major glands of the endocrine system are the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, pineal body, and the reproductive organs (ovaries and testes). The pancreas is also a part of this system; it has a role in hormone production as well as in digestion.
Explanation:
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The correct answer of the given question above would be the third option: THE EVOLUTION OF POPULATIONS OVER TIME. What is represented by the base of a phylogenic tree is the evolution of populations over time. It is also known as the evolutionary tree. This tree shows the evolutionary relationships among species.