The given diagram represents Metaphase and Anaphase on the left and right sides respectively, which occur during mitosis.
The diagram depicts two phases, i.e. Metaphase as well as Anaphase, which are observed during the process of mitosis. Mitosis can be defined as a type of cell division where a particular cell (parent cell) undergoes division in order to give rise to two new cells (daughter cells). These newly formed cells are genetically similar to the parent cell.
During Metaphase, the chromosomes appear to be arranged in the central region of the cell in a linear fashion. During Anaphase, the chromatids segregate from each other and progress towards opposite ends of the cell undergoing mitosis.
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Answer:
All these factors affect gene flow:
1. Differences in animal behavior and life history strategies can form effective barriers to gene flow.
2. The home range size of the specie can also serve as a barrier to gene flow.
Explanation:
Firstly, gene flow is the transfer of genetic traits from one population to another. It is an important process for transferring genetic variations from one population to another.
There are several barriers or factors that limit or increase this gene flow.
Gene flow can be affected by mobility or rate of dispersal. It is expected to be lower in species with low mobility which is the movement from one place to another or low dispersal and vice versa. So a population with a shorter home range size can't effective aid gene flow as they interact only with individuals of the same population and vice versa.
Gene flow barrier could be by physical barriers which is the isolation of a geographical location preventing them from exchanging genetic materials with the same species of the sane population.
This type of physical barrier is usually but not always natural.
Barrier to gene flow could be reproductive preventing transfer of genectic materials due to differences in mating period, season of birth and so on.
Another barrier could be difrerneces in customs, ethnicity, religion and clans.
All these factors affect gene flow but the 3rd and 4th option are not totally true as barriers to gene flow are not totally physical geographical barriers and not totally anatomical differences but also soil preference and other factors.
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Answer:
In the mentioned case, both the cells will start to perform replication of their DNA. In the case of G0, that is, the stationary phase, the mammalian cell can pass the restriction point with the supplementation of extracellular proliferation signal. While in the case of G1, which actually does not require any kind of external proliferation signal, as once the cell is in G1 phase, it is ready to go get the next phase. However, both the mammalian cells will cease or halt at G2 checkpoint.