Protestantism and Catholicism
Protestantism was the religion developed by Martin Luther (hence the name "Protestant Revolution").
Catholicism was the stricter version of Christianity that the broke away from.
Because pollution was blocking sunlight.
Well even though they wanted to be an isolated country without other people's cultures mixed in, they did take a couple of things from the Chinese. Like the writing system and the religion (Buddhism). I think they sort of took influences from the Europeans as well, I think. They had samurais, similar to Knights; both held courage and loyalty above all things. I hope a helped a bit!
Answer:
Propounded during the second half of the 19th century, the concept of Manifest Destiny held that it was the divinely ordained right of the United States to expand its borders to the Pacific Ocean and beyond.