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Anika [276]
3 years ago
10

Edgar, the production manager at a textile factory, has noticed a decline in the production capacity of the factory. He wants to

understand the reason behind this trend and make a decision on how to resolve the issue. In the context of rational decision making, which of the following is the first step that Edgar should ideally take?
a. Identifying and defining the problem
b. Computing the optimal decision
c. Generating alternative courses of action
d. Identifying decision criteria
Business
1 answer:
jek_recluse [69]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

A. Identifying and defining the problem

Explanation: Before taking any action in a production environment one must be able to identify and define the problem.

Problem identification and defining is first approach to solving problems as it gives a clear picture of what and how the problem is,when it started and the possible threats it pose to the business entity.

When a manager wants to address a problem, he should first identify the problem,carry out steps that will help him or her to define what the problem is,through this he or she can be able to develop possible solutions.

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Bond X is a premium bond making semiannual payments. The bond has a coupon rate of 7.5 percent, a YTM of 6 percent, and 13 years
bija089 [108]

Answer:

a. What are the prices of these bonds today?

price of bond X:

0.03 = {37.5 + [(1,000 - MV)/26]} /  [(1,000 + MV)/2]

0.03 x [(1,000 + MV)/2] = 37.5 + [(1,000 - MV)/26]

0.03 x (500 + 0.5MV) = 37.5 + 38.46 - 0.03846MV

15 + 0.015MV = 75.96 - 0.03846MV

0.05346MV = 60.96

MV = 60.96 / 0.05346 = $1,140.29

price of bond Y:

0.0375 = {30 + [(1,000 - MV)/26]} /  [(1,000 + MV)/2]

0.0375 x [(1,000 + MV)/2] = 30 + [(1,000 - MV)/26]

0.0375 x (500 + 0.5MV) = 30 + 38.46 - 0.03846MV

18.75 + 0.01875MV = 68.46 - 0.03846MV

0.05721MV = 49.71

MV = 49.71 / 0.05721 = $868.90

b. What do you expect the prices of these bonds to be in one year?

price of bond X:

0.03 = {37.5 + [(1,000 - MV)/24]} /  [(1,000 + MV)/2]

0.03 x [(1,000 + MV)/2] = 37.5 + [(1,000 - MV)/24]

0.03 x (500 + 0.5MV) = 37.5 + 41.67 - 0.04167MV

15 + 0.015MV = 79.17 - 0.04167MV

0.05667MV = 64.17/0.05667 = $1,132.29

price of bond Y:

0.0375 = {30 + [(1,000 - MV)/24]} /  [(1,000 + MV)/2]

0.0375 x [(1,000 + MV)/2] = 30 + [(1,000 - MV)/24]

0.0375 x (500 + 0.5MV) = 30 + 41.67 - 0.04167MV

18.75 + 0.01875MV = 71.67 - 0.04167MV

0.06042MV = 52.92

MV = 52.92 / 0.06042 = $875.87

c. What do you expect the prices of these bonds to be in three years?

price of bond X:

0.03 = {37.5 + [(1,000 - MV)/20]} /  [(1,000 + MV)/2]

0.03 x [(1,000 + MV)/2] = 37.5 + [(1,000 - MV)/20]

0.03 x (500 + 0.5MV) = 37.5 + 50 - 0.05MV

15 + 0.015MV = 87.5 - 0.05MV

0.065MV = 72.5

MV = 72.5 / 0.065 = $1,115.38

price of bond Y:

0.0375 = {30 + [(1,000 - MV)/20]} /  [(1,000 + MV)/2]

0.0375 x [(1,000 + MV)/2] = 30 + [(1,000 - MV)/20]

0.0375 x (500 + 0.5MV) = 30 + 50 - 0.05MV

18.75 + 0.01875MV = 80 - 0.05MV

0.06875MV = 61.25

MV = 61.251 / 0.06875 = $890.91

d. What do you expect the prices of these bonds to be in eight years?

price of bond X:

0.03 = {37.5 + [(1,000 - MV)/10]} /  [(1,000 + MV)/2]

0.03 x [(1,000 + MV)/2] = 37.5 + [(1,000 - MV)/10]

0.03 x (500 + 0.5MV) = 37.5 + 100 - 0.1MV

15 + 0.015MV = 137.5 - 0.1MV

0.115MV = 122.5

MV = 122.5 / 0.115 = $1,065.22

price of bond Y:

0.0375 = {30 + [(1,000 - MV)/10]} /  [(1,000 + MV)/2]

0.0375 x [(1,000 + MV)/2] = 30 + [(1,000 - MV)/10]

0.0375 x (500 + 0.5MV) = 30 + 100 - 0.1MV

18.75 + 0.01875MV = 130 - 0.1MV

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3 years ago
In 2019, Carla Enterprises issued, at par, 60 $1,000, 8% bonds, each convertible into 100 shares of common stock. Carla had reve
dimulka [17.4K]

Answer:

Diluted earnings per share for 2020. is 93 cents

Explanation:

Diluted Earnings per share shows the<em> future position</em> of the Earnings per shareholders once the potential shareholders begin exercising their rights.

Potential Shareholders exists due to Financial Instruments that <em>might be converted into ordinary shares</em>. Examples are Convertible Bonds, Options, Convertible Preference shares.

<em>Step 1 Calculate Basic Earnings Per Share</em>

Basic Earnings Per Share = Earnings Attributable to Ordinary Shareholders / Weighted Average Number of Ordinary Shares in Issue during the period.

<u>Profits attributable to Ordinary Shareholders :</u>

Earnings  ( $14,700 - $6,900)                                                     $7,800

<em>Less</em> After tax Interest on Bonds (60×$1,000×8%×80%)         ( $3,840)

Profits attributable to Ordinary Shareholders                           $ 3960

<u>Weighted Average Number of Ordinary Shares</u>

Common stock  outstanding                                                       2,400 shares

Basic Earnings Per Share = $ 3960/ 2,400

                                            = 165 cents

<em>Step 2 Calculate Diluted Earnings Per Share</em>

Diluted Earnings Per Share = Adjasted Basic Earnings per Share Earnings/ Adjasted  Number of Ordinary Shares

<em></em>

<u>Adjusted Basic Earnings per Share Earnings</u>

Profits attributable to Ordinary Shareholders                           $ 3960

Add Savings on Interest (60×$1,000×8%×80%)                        $3,840

<em>Adjusted Basic Earnings per Share Earnings                          $7,800</em>

<u>Adjusted  Number of Ordinary Shares</u>

Common stock  outstanding                                                       2,400 shares

Add 60× 100 shares of Convertible Bonds                                6,000 shares

<em>Adjusted  Number of Ordinary Shares                                    8,400 shares</em>

Diluted Earnings Per Share =  $7,800/8,400 shares

                                                = 93 cents

7 0
3 years ago
Suppose your company needs $16 million to build a new assembly line. Your target debt−equity ratio is .7. The flotation cost for
kumpel [21]

Answer:

7.76%

Explanation:

The computation of the weighted average flotation cost is shown below:

= Weightage of equity × flotation cost for new equity +  Weightage of debt × flotation cost for debt

Since the debt-equity ratio is 0.7 which means the debt value is 7 and the equity value is 10 so the total firm would be 1.70

So, Weighted of debt = (0.7 ÷ 1.70) =0.411

And, the weighted of common stock = (Common stock ÷ total firm)

                                                              = (1) ÷ (1.70)

                                                              = 0.588    

Now put these values to the above formula  

So, the value would equal to

= (0.588 × 9%) + (0.411 × 6%)

= 0.05292% + 0.02466%

= 7.76%

4 0
3 years ago
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