Answer:
Scarcity and Utility
I will explain the concepts of scarcity, value, and utility using my laptop and some writing pens. I have only one laptop available in my family. I use it 24-hours daily. I attach so much value (utility) to the laptop because it is only one. It is very scare in my household. On the other hand, I have a packet of writing pens. Pens are relatively not scare in my household. If my laptop is missing, I will raise uproar in the house. Everybody present will answer a tedious query. But, if one of the pens gets missing, I may not even be aware that it is missing. At the moment, I do not attach much value (utility) to the writing pens because I have many of them presently . Writing pens are not scare in my household, as I said earlier.
Using these examples, I have demonstrated the concepts of scarcity, utility, and value.
Explanation:
Therefore, scarcity is defined by the value and the relative availability of a good. Scarcity is a basic economic problem that shows the gap existing between limited resources and unlimited needs. Based on the lack experienced with satisfying a need, one has to always choose between alternatives in order to maximize resource allocation and utility.
Utility in Economics refers to the value or satisfaction derivable from the meeting of a human or economic need. It is initially connected to the concept of scarcity. But after attaining some level of utility, scarcity temporarily evaporates. And this is the dividing thin line. This is why they are mostly used together. "Something that is valuable is scarce and give utility." Something that is not highly valuable is not usual scarce and does not give much utility, at least, to an extent.
B. To raise money to a grow a company.
Stock is equity in a company that is used to help fund the expenses of a company, particularly when they are looking to grow beyond their current revenue sources. It is most useful when a company anticipates growing its revenues or decreasing its expenses through using this new capital in order to deliver a positive return for its equity investors who hold the stock certificates.
Expected return of the stock is greater than 12%.
Using formula, Risk free rate + beta (market risk rate - risk free rate)\
= 2% + 2.0 (7%-2%)
= 13.6 - 0.4* risk premium
Risk premium of a stock is greater than 12%.
A stock's total return takes into account both capital gains and losses as well as dividend income, as opposed to a stock's nominal return, which only displays its price movement. In addition to considering the actual rate of return, investors should consider their ability to withstand the risk involved with a given investment. An investment's return on investment (ROI) provides a general indication of its profitability. The return on investment (ROI) is calculated by subtracting the investment's initial cost from its final value, dividing the result by the cost of the investment, and finally multiplying the result by 100.
Note that the full question is:
If the market risk premium is 7%, the risk-free rate is 2% and the beta of a stock is 2.0, what is the expected return of the stock?
A. less than 12%.
B. 12%.
C. greater than 12%.
D. cannot be determined.
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Answer:
Industry-wide differentiation strategy
Explanation:
Staples is providing a wide range of products in various locations, both in stores and online. He is creating an industry-wide differentiation by providing unique products that customers wants.
The target customers consist of wide range of people with different preferences.
Answer: The equalization rate for the municipality is 45%.
Explanation:
Given that,
Total market value of a municipality = $25,000,000
Total assessed value of a municipality = $11,250,000
Therefore,
Equalization rate for the municipality =
= 
= 0.45
= 45%
Hence, the equalization rate for the municipality is 45%.
