<u>Life expectancy index, Education index, Literacy index, Income index all the countries are ranked based on these parameters</u>.
Explanation:
As HDI is a statistical composite index and the formula for calculating the Human Development Index is (life expectancy x education index x income index).
The higher the score the higher is the value of the development of the country. Developed by Dr. Mahbub Al Haq and Amartya sen.
The HDI shows low human development scores from 0.0 to 0.5. The medium human development scores between 0.5 and 0.8. High human development for HDI scores ranges from 0.8 and 1.0.
Though there are limiting factors of HDI as it does not take into account the qualitative factors and cultural identity into considerations, As others have suggested the HDI should be more human-centered ranging from gender to environmental biodiversity.
Fertilizers and chemicals are important contaminants of water and enter ground both directly and indirectly. In the case of Karst landscapes, the contaminated water infiltrates into the groundwater through underground streams or percolation.
Oil and gas spills also pose a serious problem for groundwater contamination as they can pollute aquifers near fracking zones and other oil extraction areas.
Animal feces are more of a problem in the modern age due to large-scale commercialized animal farms. Unless the waste from these facilities is controlled, it can runoff into fields and rivers and eventually seep into groundwater reserves.
At the equator, the sun is directly overhead at noon on these two equinoxes. The "nearly" equal hours of day and night is due to refraction of sunlight or a bending of the light's rays that causes the sun to appear above the horizon when the actual position of the sun is below the horizon.
