A blue shift is any decrease in wavelength, with a corresponding increase in frequency, of an electromagnetic wave; the opposite effect is referred to as red shift. In visible light, this shifts the color from the red end of the spectrum to the blue end.
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Pic 1: Less water is lost by transpiration
Pic 2: Large surface area to volume ratio so that the maximum amount of sunlight can be absorbed for the leaf to photosynthesise.
Pic 3: Tiny 'hair' that traps water vapour.
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the load carrying heavy vehicles have large number of wheels so that the pressure on the road is reduced due to larger contact area.
Also, using large number of wheels ensures that the force due to the load is shared among the tyres and no single tyre is under stress.
The estimated age of the earth is 4.543 billion years, which rounds to 4.6 billion years.
Hope this helped.
