The action potential spreads through an axon by depolarizing adjacent membrane to threshold.
- K+ departs the cell after Na+, which enters the cell first. Ions can move freely across the axon membrane because of the difference during the action potential.
- Because sodium contains a positive charge, the neuron becomes more positive and depolarized. Potassium channels take longer to open. As soon as the cell does open, K+ rushes out, reversing the depolarization known as repolarization.
- Sodium channels close during the peak of the action potential when potassium leaves the cell. When potassium ions are effluxed, the membrane potential is lowered or the cell becomes hyperpolarized.
- Outside of the cell, the concentration of Na+ is greater than inside the cell. while the concentration of K+ is is greater inside the cell than outside.
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The stomach normally secretes acid that is essential in the digestive process and this helps in the breaking down of food during digestion. Acidity is responsible for ulcer, dyspepsia, heartburn and the formulation of the ulcer. One way to experiment on how the acid is neutralized is by using vinegar and starch.
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Answer:
pollution of water. or do you mean pollutant in which case would be like garbage or oil spills
