The one who initiated the citizenship reform was Charles Malek
Drying war, civil liberties usually become more restrictive. In WW1 there was the Espionage Act and Sedition Act which undermined the first amendment.
The Enlightenment was an era where people started realizing that they had (human) rights, realized that the monarchy + aristrocrats/ rich ppl in general shouldn't do whatever they wanted to do (like kill a bunch of ppl for saying smth against the Crown's beliefs), realized that they are capable of believing and doing something more than just living as a peasant.
The French had really sucky monarchs (like King Louis the Thirteenth), and frankly, they were sick of living in famine and poverty, so it was kinda like being in the right place and at the right time-- they overthrew their monarchy, now aware that they had these rights (inspired by the Enlightenment). "Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité" was the slogan. Liberty, Equality, Brotherhood = everything the monarchy wasn't.
<span>A. They blocked Johnson’s weak Reconstruction policies by taking charge of the Reconstruction plan.
Radical Republicans took over Reconstruction to further their agenda. The radical plan harshly punished the South while attempting to give blacks equality. They required loyalty pledges and removal of ex-Confederates from political positions. Blacks were provided land and encouraged to vote. </span>
