<span>Similarities and differences between intramembranous and endochondral ossification<span>
Ossification is the process of bone formation. Intramembranous and endochondral ossification are the two main processes of bone formation that occur during fetal development.
</span>Similarities between intramembranous and endochondral ossification<span>; they turn cartilage into bones during bone formation and they both involve bone cells such as calcium, vascular supply and osteoblasts.
</span>Differences between intramembranous and endochondral ossification<span>; In intramembranous ossification, an intermediate cartilage is not involved, rather the bone tissue is directly laid on a primitive connective tissue called mesenchyma while in endochondral ossification, cartilage is used as a precursor for bone formation. Also, in cases of fractures, the healing process by plaster of Paris occurs through endochondral ossification while fractures which are treated by open reduction and internal fixation are healed by intramembranous ossification.
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Answer:
Thiamine pyrophosphate (derived from vitamin B1) is a coenzyme required for the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme complex.
Explanation:
Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis. During aerobic cellular respiration, pyruvate is oxidatively decarboxylated into acetyl CoA which in turn enters the Kreb's cycle. Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate is carried out by enzyme complex pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH). The first step is simple decarboxylation and is catalyzed by pyruvate decarboxylase of the PDH complex.
The enzyme pyruvate decarboxylase and has a tightly bound coenzyme, thiamine pyrophosphate. Thiamine pyrophosphate is derived from vitamin B1. Lack of vitamin B1 in the human diet leads to beriberi that is characterized by an increased concentration of pyruvate in blood urine since oxidative decarboxylation cannot occur due to lack of the coenzyme thiamine pyrophosphate.
Answer:
Study and believe in yourself,don't give up!
The client is most likely in the exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome.
