In 1894, Chekhov began writing his play The Seagull in a lodge he had built in the orchard at Melikhovo.
Hope that helps some.
Obama is a good leader, because he is trying to bridge the gap between the rich and the poor. A wide gap between the rich and the poor is never good. We can look back into history to see this. For example, in the Tang Dynasty, the rich got out of their taxes, so the poor had to pay more, which widened the gap. The dynasty soon fell. While it may not be working completely yet, Obama is doing all he can to fix this problem.
Side note: This is a very democratic stance on American politics, however it is more of a democratic question, as Obama is a democrat.
It decreased due to the fact that many jobs were opening in the urban areas so people left their farms and houses in rural areas to get a job in a bigger city.