The US faced many challenges after WWII. Despite the fact that the US was the country with the better economic condition than other countries in the war, the US had to build an economic base after the war.
Because of this, the government had to deal with the veterans that left the US and were returning with no jobs and a family to provide. Congress passed the GI Bill of Rights in 1944. This bill provided money for veterans to attend college, purchase homes and buy farms. This created a baby boom, a period of increased fertility rate.
Another problem after WWII was African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Women. They were excluded from any recovery plan during and after the war. This developed a civil rights fight that lasted for years. Many of those groups lived in poverty and faced voting rights discrimination.
After the War, another major problem surfaced for Americans, the Cold War. Space Race came the US struggled to maintain world peace and shape the behavior of other nations, such as Cuba and the missile crisis.