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Ad libitum [116K]
3 years ago
9

What is cotransport? Explain how understanding it is used in our treatment of diarrhea.​

Biology
1 answer:
qaws [65]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

In cotransport, a single ATP-powered pump that transports a specific solute drives the active transport of several other  solutes. Normally, sodium in waste is reabsorbed in the colon, maintaining constant levels in the body, but diarrhea  expels waste so rapidly that re-absorption is not possible, and sodium levels fall precipitously. To treat this life threatening condition, patients are given a solution to drink containing high concentrations of salt and glucose. The  solutes are taken up by sodium-glucose cotransporters on the surface of intestinal cells and passed through the cells into  the blood. This simple treatment has lowered infant mortality worldwide.

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The Great Electron Chase: Describe the flow of electrons from rain falling on your strawberry garden into the strawberry plant (
JulijaS [17]

Answer:

As the rain water is absorbed by the strawberry roots to the leaves, the first step of light independent stage of photosynthesis; Photolysis takes place.

                               H20 = 2H+ + 2e + 2O2.

Generally, the chlorophyll is made up of primary and accessory pigments in its photosystems I and II. These photosystems emitted their electrons through photo activation; these are picked up by electron acceptors; for photophosphorylation in ATPs synthesis. Therefore, these photosystems are positively charged. Hence, PI takes electrons from P II (since it is Cyclic photophosphorylation).Thus P1 is now stabilized, why PII is unstable. To regain its stability, it replaces its lost electrons from the electron of photolysis of water above. This is the electron from the rain water on the (stored in chlorophyll) strawberry. The electron from PI combines with H+and picked up by NAD to NADH. (2H+2e+NADP= NADH).

When the strawberry is consumed, it undergoes digestion and its cellulose metabolized to glucose (the electrons are trapped in the elements C,H,O in the glucose) which flows into the blood stream. As the individual undergoes cellular respiration the glucose with its electrons are the substrate. The glucose, undergoes substrate level phosphorylation (Glycolysis).These electrons are transferred from glucose to the new elements in pyruvate as glucose moves from one stage to another. The electrons are also transferred as part of  H picked up by NAD to NADH. They are transferred from pyruvate to Acetyl, as the latter forms Acetyl Co A with coenzyme A.  

The Acetyl CoA, enters the Krebs’s Cycle, and as, moves from one step to another, these electrons are transferred from one intermediate to another. They are eventually transferred by NADH, FADH2 into the matrix of the mitochondria, where they splits from hydrogen atoms, and carried by electron carriers. As they move from one carries to another, PMF is generated which pumps the H+ across into the inner membranes, to generate the electrochemical gradients for ATPs synthesis, as the protons returns to the matrix.

When these electrons reached the end of the carrier molecule, they are accepted by oxygen the final electron acceptor, to form water. These electrons is transported as water, to the kidney where they are pass through the stages of glomerular filtration, reabsorption, secretion before they are emptied in urine as waste.  

Explanation:

4 0
3 years ago
How can a seamount become an island
adoni [48]

Answer:

blah blh lbha

Explanation:

8 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Self-report inventories and projective tests are examples of personality assessments.
Irina-Kira [14]
The correct answer is T
6 0
3 years ago
The electrons for photosynthesis come from:
user100 [1]

Answer:

The energy comes from electrons produced by oxidation of biological molecules.

Explanation: In photosynthesis, the energy comes from the light of the sun.

Hope this helped! :)

6 0
3 years ago
.Explicati de ce algele pluricelulare au culoarea rosie,verde respectiv bruna ?
nirvana33 [79]

Answer:

Due to different pigments.

Explanation:

The multicellular algae are red, green and brown because of the presence of pigments. The red algae are red in colour because of the presence of the phycoerythrin which is a type of pigment. This pigment reflects red light due to already presence in its body and absorbs blue light that is necessary for photosynthesis process. The brown algae contain fucoxanthin pigment and green algae contain xanthophylls pigments that are responsible for its colour so we can conclude that these different types of pigments are responsible for the different colour of algae.

6 0
2 years ago
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