Two Types of Coevolution
Coevolution is common among organisms participating in a mutual interaction. In mutualism, both the organisms benefit from each other. When coevolution occurs among mutually benefiting species, it is called mutualistic coevolution.
When coevolution is found among species that have negative effects on each other, it is called competitive coevolution. There are two kinds of interactions between species that can lead to competitive coevolution:
<span><span>Predation is when one organism kills and eats another organism. The prey is the species that gets eaten by the predator, which is of course the species that eats the prey.</span><span>Parasitism is when one organism benefits by damaging, but not killing, another organism. The parasitespecies benefits from this relationship, while the host species is negatively affected.</span></span>
The answer is:
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B and D. The xylem and the phloem make up the vascular tissue of plants and transport water, sugar, and other important substances around a plant.
The cells that die are emptied, leaving hollow cell walls with their ends open, thus forming pipe-like structures
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Answer:
Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade regional metamorphism. ... Slate is frequently grey in color, especially when seen, en masse, covering roofs.
Answer:
In relation to voltage-gated ion channels, when depolarization occurs, Na⁺ gates open while K⁺ gates remain closed.
Explanation:
Depolarization is a phenomenon that occurs in cells like neurons, and depends on the distribution of ions in extracellular spaces and intraceluar.
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Na⁺ is a predominantly extracellular cation.
- K⁺ has a high intracellular concentration.
This distribution occurs when the membrane potential is at rest, with a negative intracellular value.
Depolarization involves opening the Na⁺ channels, so that this cation enters the intracellular space, causing a change in cell voltage. Increasing Na⁺ concentration in intracellular space progressively produces an action potential, resulting in an electrical signal.
While depolarization occurs, K⁺ channels remain closed, limiting the output of this cation to extracellular space, which would prevent the action potential from occurring.
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