Divided government: occurs when the governors are unable to reach an agreement about the governance of the country. On that occasion, several different aspects of how the government should act arise, lacking an efficient consensus among politicians and generating strong cases of politicization, which prevents efficient and necessary public policies from being established and voted to allow their execution.
Weak party discipline: Prevents rapid voting on the implementation of public policies. As a result, the implementation of these policies is delayed and precarious. In addition, it makes the work of the federal government more difficult, forcing each parliamentarian to negotiate for these policies separately, making it difficult for political agreements to exist, as the governor starts to act individually.
Growth in the number of interest groups: When a public policy is established and needs to go into the execution process, it is necessary that all government officials work together, which does not happen when interest groups are generated. Each interest group acts individually, seeking personal and not collective benefits.
Political action committees: They can promote the interests of just a group of government officials, generate politicization and polarization of political thought, in addition to generating power gaps that can prevent the implementation of public policies.
The correct answer is cognitive dissonance.
Cognitive dissonance is a psychological term used to describe the feelings of discomfort and uneasiness that people experience due to conflicting behaviors, beliefs and attitudes. These feelings of uneasiness <span>lead people to alter their attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors in order to restore harmony. </span>
<u>B. democratic</u>
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<em>When it comes to government, Americans usually value </em><em>democratic</em><em> principles.</em><em> </em><em>Supporting </em><em>democracy</em><em> not only promotes such fundamental American values as </em><em><u>religious freedom</u></em><em> and </em><em><u>worker rights</u></em><em>, but also helps create a more secure, stable, and prosperous global arena in which the United States can advance its </em><em><u>national interests</u></em><em>. </em><em>Democracy</em><em> is based on </em><em><u>freedom and equality</u></em><em> between all people. It's often described as the '</em><em><u>rule of the majority</u></em><em>', as important decisions are based on the </em><em><u>votes of the people</u></em><em>. </em>
Complete Question:
Define all of the following terms and explain how each applies to this situation.
• Operant conditioning
• Primary reinforcement
• Negative reinforcement
Answer:
Operant conditioning is defined as a technique of behavior modification through positive and negative reinforcement and positive and negative punishment.
She experiences operant conditioning when she is not ready for the test because she didn't study. Also when she tells her mother a lie.
→ she didn't want to go to school, made up an excuse and even got a prize for it (breakfast)
Primary reinforcement is a reinforcement that does not depend on previous learning.
Her mother shows concern, agrees to let her stay home, and makes Joanne her favorite breakfast is an example of primary reinforcement.
Reinforcement, or reinforcing stimulus, for behaviorism is the consequence of behavior that makes it more likely. The reinforcement can be positive (through the addition of a stimulus) or negative (through the removal of a stimulus).