Explanation:
Point-wise explanation is given below:
i) The anti-defection law was introduced to curb the growing trend of elected representatives who changed political parties to become ministers or to get cash rewards.
ii) The affidavit requirement was an order passed by the Supreme Court as a measure to curb the challenge of money and muscle power.
iii) The third reform measure was made by the Election Commission where for all political parties it was mandatory to hold regular elections and also file their income tax returns.
<u><em>Besides these, many suggestions are often made to reform political parties:</em></u>
iv) It should be made mandatory for political parties to give a minimum number of tickets, about one-third, to women candidates. Similarly, there should be a quota for women in the decision-making bodies of the party.
v) There should be state funding of elections. The government should give parties money to support their election expenses. This support could be given in kind: petrol, paper, telephone etc. Or it could be given in cash on the basis of the votes secured by the party in the last election.
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Cotton since it was taken back to the slavery period and was very useful
The early human civilization were generally settled at a distance from oceans, as they felt that such water is of no use to them.
<h3>What is the significance of early civilizations?</h3>
One of the earliest civilizations in the world began near the rivers and valleys, because they had diversity of natural resources. Moreover, rivers and valleys have been given to birth to agricultural practices.
After knowing about these advantages, people realized that settlements shall never be practiced near the oceans, as the ocean water is not useful for human consumption.
Therefore, the significance of early civilizations has been aforementioned.
Learn more about early civilizations here:
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