What type of mutation has occurred in figure 12-3?
Answer= substitution
Lipids are a class of organic compounds, which suits best under the column macromolecules on the hierarchy of biological organization.
Biological organization refers to the hierarchy of composite biological systems and compositions, which illustrate life using a reductionistic method. The conventional hierarchy moves from an atom to more complex biospheres.
Each of the level in the hierarchy signifies an enhancement in the organizational complexity, with each component being mainly comprised of the previous basic unit level.
Answer:
4. B cells become activated by interacting with helper T cells.
1. B cells display antigens in MHC class II receptors on the cell surface.
2. Antibodies released by plasma cells bind to the antigen so they will be destroyed by other cells of the immune system.
3.B cells rearrange their DNA to create a unique B-cell receptor.
5. B cells undergo clonal expansion.
6. B cells digest antigens that bind to the antibodies on their surface.
Explanation:
B-cells get activated by interacting with helper T cells when they bind to the antigen to receptors i.e (MHC class II receptors on the cell surface) on the surface of the cell. Series of activities such as release by plasma cells which cause rearrangement of B cells causes the cell to divide and proliferate. The process through which daughter cells arise from a parent cell called clonal expansion.
