William the conqueror is from England.
The answer to your question is Marbury v. Madison
One of the major function of executive departments is: C. To enforce and administer federal laws
Because of this enforcement function, the executive departments in each democratic country typically the one that uses the most of the federal budget. The president can handpick each of the cabinet members that responsible for the enforcement of federal laws of one specific sector of the country.
The issue that was dealt with by the 17th Amendment of the United States Constitution was that the election of the senators would be done by the vote of the people of the states via the state legislature. For the first 125 years, it was not the case in the United States as the Congressional caucus directly elected the senators.
