Differentiate external and internal environment factors in influencing Gene expression
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The diagram below (attached image) represents two cells, X and Y.
Which statement is correct concerning the structure labeled A?
A) It is involved in cell communication in cell X but not in cell y.
B) It represents a cell wall in cell X and the cell membrane in cell y.
C) It prevents the absorption of CO2 in cell x and O2 and cell y.
D) It aids in the removal of metabolic waste in both cell X and Y
Cell membrane accomplishes several functions, among them, the removal of cell wastes. Option D. It aids in the removal of metabolic waste in both cell X and Y.
<h3>What is the cell membrane?</h3>
The cell membrane is a barrier that surrounds the cell content and isolates it from the extracellular space. It is composed of two lipidic layers, proteins, and glucans incrusted in between.
The cell membrane accomplishes many different functions. Among them, we can mention,
- Isolation ⇒ It separates the intracellular content from the extracellular space.
- Protection ⇒ It protects the interior of the cell from any damaging external factor that might affect its correct functioning.
- Transport ⇒ It allows the selective pass of certain molecules or ions.
Substances interchange
⇒ Passive transport → Simple diffusion → through lipids
→ Facilitated diffusion → Assisted by channel
proteins
→ Does not need energy
→ Depends on the molecule size, the concentration
at each side of the membrane, and the charge of
the ions.
→ Occurs in favor of the electrochemical gradient
⇒ Active transport → It does the energy to occur
→ Mediated by carrier proteins
→ Transport big-sized molecules
→ Against the electrochemical gradient
⇒ Endocytosis/Exocytosis → Active transport mediated by vesicles.
- Communication ⇒ By emission and reception of substances and molecules, the cell can communicate with other cells. This process is always mediated by membranes and their transport proteins or receptor proteins.
In the exposed example X cell represents an animal cell, and Y cell is a plant cell.
Both the animal and plant cells are eukaryotic. They carry their genetic material in the nucleus and mitochondria. Organelles are located in the cytosol, and both of them are surrounded by a protector cell membrane.
Among the options, the correct one is D. It aids in the removal of metabolic waste in both cell X and Y
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