Answer: D. All of these choices are correct.
Explanation:
Lean manufacturing occurs when an organisation produces goods using as little resources as they can, while still producing enough goods at the correct quality.
This includes all options (a-c) for the following reasons:
a. Supplier partnering - it is important to have a smooth operations in terms of the organisation's relationships with their partners. This leads to an efficient supply management because this leads to better control over the flow of material and production planning, especially when the aim is to use minimal resourses.
b. Employee involvement - in lean manufacturing, less human effort is required. However high quality goods at the right quanity still needs to be produced.Therefore it is important for the little employees needed, to work cohesively to produce these goods effectively and efficiently.
c. Product orientated production layout - Also known as assembly line, this is when employees perfom minimal functions at a time, to produce large quantities of a few types of products that are different.
So for lean manufacturing to be implemented and operate effectively, it requires all these options.
