The evolution of sexual reproduction is a great puzzle in modern evolutionary biology. Many groups of eukaryotic organisms, especially most animals and plants, reproduce sexually. The evolution of sex between two organisms of the same species contains two related but different themes: its origin and its maintenance. However, since hypotheses for the origin of sex are difficult to test experimentally, most of the current work has focused on the maintenance of sexual reproduction. Biologists, including W. D. Hamilton, Alexei Kondrashov, and George C. Williams, have proposed various explanations for how sexual reproduction is maintained in a large set of different living things.
Ionizing radiation, for example X-rays, gamma rays and alpha particles
When faced with a complex engineering problem, the best strategy usually involves( A ) Breaking the problem down into smaller problems and solving them individually.
Explanation:
Th first step of solving a complex problem involves problem identification-it means what exactly is the problem then we try to determine the possible sub-groups in which the problem can be further divided and then numbering the sub groups.
The process of sub-grouping means that we are sub dividing the problems and then working upon the problem that needs the attention first and then according solving the other sub categories of the problem.
This method helps in breaking the complex problem into a series of small task that can be easily solved in a sequential manner .Thus the complexity of the problem gets reduced when it is divided into a number of small problems.
Coastal waters have about 26% of all biological diversity. This world of seabirds, clams, crabs, starfish, anemones, fish, kelp, and marine mammals, among many others, is a beautiful place with many different types of plants and animal communities.
