A kingdom i think either that or its a class or order
Answer:
A. The synthesis of triose phosphates from 3-phosphoglycerate
Explanation:
ATP and NADPH are produced during light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis in chloroplasts. These molecules serve as an energy source and reducing power respectively during the Calvin cycle. Calvin cycle includes fixation of carbon into 3-PGA followed by reduction of 3-PGA into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (a triose phosphate).
The reduction step also uses NADPH as an electron donor. Two molecules of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate make one molecule of glucose. A reduced ATP production during light-dependent reactions in chloroplast would not allow the reduction of 3-PGA into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. Without the formation of triose phosphate, glucose synthesis will also reduce.
Answer:
The alcohol group will have produced the greatest volume of urine
The concentrated salt solution group will have produced the least volume of urine
Explanation:
Alcohol inhibits the antidiuretic hormone. This hormone, also known as vasopressin hormone, is released by changes in serum osmolarity or blood volume. Its function is to keep homeostasis and make kidneys conserve or keep water by concentrating urine and by reducing its volume. By these actions, the antidiuretic hormone stimulates water reabsorption, acording to the organism´s needs. The antidiuretic hormone is very sensitive to the presence of alcohol in the blood. Alcohol inhibits the hormone production and the kidneys eliminate more water than the necessary volume. In other words, alcohol is a diuretic substance that enhances urine production.
Salt ingestion causes an increase in plasmatic osmolarity, stimulates thirst and hence, water ingestion. It also causes an increase in the antidiuretic hormone, which anhances in water reabsorption by the kidneys in its collector tubules. Salt consumption causes a change in osmolarity, which drives to an increase in water reabsorption and an important reduction in urine volume.
