The opening of calcium ions channels facilitates the migration of vesicles containing neurotransmitters in the pre-synaptic neurons to the tip of the post-synaptic membrane. at the <u>neuromuscular junction </u>These neurotransmitters can either be <u>cholinergic or non-chorlinergic.</u> <u>At the tip of the pre-synaptic membranes the vesicles empty their neurotransmitter contents into the synapse.</u>
The neurotransmitters, diffuse through the neuromuscular junction to bind with the receptors on the <u>post-synaptic membrane on the post-synaptic neuron.</u> This stimulates opening of<u> ligand gated sodium ions,</u> and sodium ions diffuse into the post-synaptic neuronal membrane, to cause <u>depolarization</u>. if the stimulus is up to the threshold levels it generate action potential.
Therefore , more calcium ions channels opening produces; more diffusion of neurotransmitters;leading to opening of more sodium channels for depolarization; and IPSP or EPSP generation.
Animals such as bees or wind can carry pollen from one flower to another flower and fertilize the plant that way. Plants can also self-pollinate which happens when a plant’s own pollen fertilizes its own ovules.
The sudden change in climate is as a result of the interaction of the atmosphere and the lithosphere. The heavy rains at high altitude are as a result of relief rainfall. The mountain acts as a barrier, causing the air to rise. Once air rises it cools and condenses. Cloud formation often leads to precipitation on the windward side of the mountain.
Answer: The most serious of these mutations will be the insertion of 2 bases. Becasue the genetic code is read in triplets, a 2 base insetion will alter the reading frame of the code causing a frameshift mutation meaning every amino acid after the site of the mutation will be incorrect.
