Answer:
Celsius
Explanation:
The temperature of 42 degrees in Chicago, that has been recorded as a day's temperature record high for the month of August, is in Celsius degrees. The reason why the assumption is that it is Celsius degrees in question is that 42 degrees is a temperature that can be reached in the continental parts, it is a very high temperature, and if it is 42 degrees in the other scale, the Fahrenheit scale, then this temperature will actually be relatively low, far away from a record breaking high.
The Celsius scale is used globally, except in few countries, one of which is actually the United States. It is part of the SI units. The basic characteristics of this scale are that it starts from 0 degrees, and everything above it is a plus temperature, while everything below it is a minus temperature. The water freezes below 0 degrees, while it evaporates at 100 degrees.
The Amu Darya river flows into the Aral Sea - the correct answer is b).
It flows into the Aral sea in Uzbekistan, but it flows through Afghanistan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan before.
Aral Sea is the Sea that drastically decreased in size in the last years - it was dried to provide irrigation to the neighboring land.
Answer:
When discussing drought, one must have an understanding of aridity and the difference between the two. Aridity is defined, in meteorology and climatology, as "the degree to which a climate lacks effective, life-promoting moisture" (Glossary of Meteorology, American Meteorological Society). Drought is "a period of abnormally dry weather sufficiently long enough to cause a serious hydrological imbalance". Aridity is measured by comparing long-term average water supply (precipitation) to long-term average water demand (evapotranspiration). If demand is greater than supply, on average, then the climate is arid. Drought refers to the moisture balance that happens on a month-to-month (or more frequent) basis. If the water supply is less than water demand for a given month, then that month is abnormally dry; if there is a serious hydrological impact, then a drought is occurring that month. Aridity is permanent, while drought is temporary.