I’m almost 100% sure it’s D, because environmental factors can induce a mutation. A mutation can be beneficial but it can also be harmful, so it’s neither B or C, and it can’t be A, because mutations can come from natural selection as well. So it’s D.
Another geologic event that may occur in the dark shaded area on the map is wildfire. The dark shaded area as shown in the map, is an area more commonly known as "The Ring of Fire". Volcanic activity is very common in this area, due to to the many volcanos present.
