Carbon dioxide is generated in tissues as a byproduct of normal metabolism. It dissolves in blood plasma to form carbonic acid (H2CO3); red blood cell (RBC) carbonic anhydrase catalyzes this reaction. Carbonic acid then spontaneously dissociates to form bicarbonate (HCO3−) and a hydrogen ion (H+). In response to the decrease in intracellular <span>pCO2</span>, more CO2 passively diffuses into the cell.
Cell membranes are generally impermeable to charged ions (i.e. H+, HCO3− ) but RBCs are able to exchange bicarbonate for chloride using the anion exchanger protein Band 3. Thus, the rise in intracellular bicarbonate leads to bicarbonate export and chloride intake. The term "chloride shift" refers to this exchange. Consequently, chloride concentration is lower in systemic venous blood than in systemic arterial blood: high venous pCO2 leads to bicarbonate production in RBCs, which then leaves the RBC in exchange for chloride coming in.<span>[2]</span>
Answer:
True
Explanation:
In central nervous system bundle if axons are called tracts or fasciculi. They are mostly named on the basis of their origin. Endoneurium layer which is very delicate surrounds axon. Impulses are carried toward the s brain through spinal cord ascending tracts while descending tracts carry impulses from higher regions of spinal cord or brain to the lower regions.
Answer: everything but air, rocks, and water are made up of cells
Explanation:
Carbon dioxide + Water → Glucose + oxygen