A mutation is a single or multiple event which brings a change in a genetic material of the organisms. A mutation will alter a DNA base pair that causes deletion or substitution of one amino acid in a protein encoded by a gene.
The carbon atom has unique properties that allow it to form covalent bonds to as many as four different atoms, making this versatile element ideal to serve as the basic structural component, or “backbone,” of the macromolecules. Individual carbon atoms have an incomplete outermost electron shell.
