<span>Almost. Due to the fact that they will be different at the DNA level.</span>
Answer:E. Down-regulation
Explanation:Cells typically up or down regulate depending on the concentration of a hormone levels. When there is a excessive concentration of a hormone in the blood stream, the cell decreases the number of receptors reducing the interaction with that hormone, Also, when there is excessive hormone reduction, the target cells activate to increase their number of receptors.
Down regulation occurs by the the deactivating or degrading of target cells to reduce the number of receptors due to their sensitivity to a particular excess hormone.
Answer:
D fleas affect all animals
Answer:
a. the pH within the thylakoid is less than that of the stroma
Explanation:
The pH of thylakoid membrane is 8 at normal conditions but it became highly acidic like 4 during photosynthesis. The electron transport chain utilize the energy released by excited electrons to pump the H+ ions to lumen of thylakoid membrane from stroma during light reaction of photosynthesis. The H+ ions are present in both the stroma and thylakoid membranes. These high potential H+ ions are utilized by ATP synthase complex for the production of ATP.
We know that more the H+ ions lesser will be the pH and lumen have the high concentration of H+ ions. While the pH of stroma is normally kept acidic by plants to create a concentration and potential difference of H+ ions for the production of ATP. That why the lumen have lower pH than stroma of chloroplast.
