Answer:
Bolus is the food that is mashed up in your mouth. After it is digested in the stomach, the food is called chyme. Bolus is more alkaline than chyme because it is exposed to alkaline saliva.
Explanation:
* Channel proteins- these are proteins with a hydrophilic pore where specific ions are able to pass through the membrane. Each channel protein is specific to an ion. This is the only way ions can travel through the membrane. They are trans membrane proteins.
* Carrier proteins- these are proteins which allow larger or polar molecules through the membrane. They are trans membrane proteins.
Carrier proteins essentially “carry" signals that are not soluble in aqueous solution through the blood stream to their target cells. Carrier proteins for hydrophilic signals prevent degradation of the signal. Channel proteins are embedded in cell membranes. They often are receptors (though not always), and when activated, allow specific ions to pass through the membrane.
A channel protein is a special arrangement of amino acids which embeds in the cell membrane, providing a hydrophilic passageway for water and small, polar ions. Like all transport proteins, each channel protein has a size and shape which excludes all but the most specific molecules
The carrier protein facilitate diffusion of molecules across the cell membrane. The protein is imbedded in the cell membrane and covers the entire membrane. This is important because the carrier must transport the molecule in and out of the cell.
Peppered moth stimulation is an experimental setup that show the behavior of moth in relation to their environment. The objective of the setup is to stimulate changes in moth population as a result of pollution and predation.
Peppered moth stimulation relates to the survival of the fittest because the moth with the most adaptive ability will be able to survive despite the negative forces in the environment. The bright colored moth was able to survive the pollution in the environment and retains its colour while the black coloured moth change its colour to black due to the pollution int the environment.
Answer: the <span>Permian–Triassic extinction event ; {"end of the Permian era"} .
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