75% species go extinct to be considered a mass extinction
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Answer:
C, B, A, D
Explanation:
The images in this question is portraying the stages involved in MITOSIS, which is a kind of cell division that forms two genetically identical daughter cells. The four stages of mitosis represented in the image are as follows: interphase, prophase, metaphase, and anaphase
- INTERPHASE: This stage is regarded as the resting stage of the cell. The chromosomes are found to be supercooled together as chromatins as seen in image C.
- PROPHASE: In the prophase stage, the chromosomes become condensed and more visible as seen in image B.
- METAPHASE: In the metaphase stage, the chromosomes align at the equator of the cell in order to be pulled apart by microtubules as seen in image A.
- ANAPHASE: In the Anaphase stage, the chromosomes are pulled apart into opposite poles of the cell as depicted in image D.
For lactic acid fermentation, the correct options are:
- pyruvate
- hydrogen
- NADH
- lactic acid
- Lactic acid
- pyruvate
- mitochondria
For ethanol fermentation, the correct options are:
- pyruvate
- CO₂
- acetyl CoA
- acetyl CoA
- acetaldehyde
- Acetaldehyde
- hydrogen
- NADH
- ethanol
<h3>What is a anaerobic respiration?</h3>
Anaerobic respiration is respiration which occurs in the absence of oxygen.
Oxygen is used as an electron acceptor during respiration. However, when oxygen is absent or insufficient, other molecules are used as electron acceptors in order to produce energy.
Anaerobic respiration in large organisms may result in the formation of lactate known as lactic acid fermentation.
In lactic acid fermentation, after glycolysis, the two pyruvate molecules receive hydrogen atoms from NADH creating lactic acid. Lactic acid can be converted back into pyruvate in the liver. The pyruvate can then enter into the mitochondria and cellular respiration, can proceed.
On the other hand, anaerobic respiration in microorganisms produce ethanol and is known as ethanol fermentation.
After glycolysis, the two pyruvate molecules lose a CO₂ atom, creating acetyl CoA. The acetyl CoA atom combines with hydrogen to form acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde receives a hydrogen atom from NADH, resulting in the production of ethanol.
In conclusion, anaerobic respiration can occur either as a lactate fermentation or ethanol fermentation.
Learn more about anaerobic respiration at: brainly.com/question/13943624
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<span>When classifying organisms like this, you are looking for two main descriptors of their lifestyle: how they get their energy and how they get their carbon. A phototroph is an organism that acquires its energy through harvesting photons. A chemotroph harvests energy from chemical bonds.
The term heterotroph is used to describe organisms that acquire carbon from organic substances (namely from other organisms). An autotroph is an organism that has the ability to fix atmospheric carbon CO2 into an organic form.
When you combine these terms, you get a word that describes how an organism harvests energy and carbon. So, a chemoheterotroph is an organism that acquires energy from chemical bonds, and uses acquires organic carbon from an external source (usually, in this case, the energy and carbon come from the same source, e.g., glucose). A photoheterotroph is an organism that gains energy from photons but gains carbon from an external organic source.
Most bacteria, fungi, and animals can easily be described as a chemoheterotroph. A specific bacteria would be Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Photoheterotrophs would only be found in the prokaryote domains. An example would be Heliobacter. Just to note, there are very few genera of photoheterotrophs. Remember, they gain most of their energy from light (photons), and their carbon from an external organic source (i.e., they do not fix carbon).
</span><span>Basically, photoheterotrophs get energy from light and chemoheterotrophs get energy from breaking chemical bonds.
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