"These" should be referring to Alkali Metals.
They include metals such as Lithium, Sodium, Potassium etc.
They're classified as Group I elements because they all have one outmost shell electrons. This is why these metals are so reactive because they only need to lose one electron in order to achieve the octet of electrons (or duplet for Lithium), which means complete outmost shell electrons (2 or the 1st shell, others are 8).
The reason why they're especially reactive to Halogens (Group VII) elements are that Halogens have 7 outmost shell electrons, which only needs one more electron in order to get to the octet of electrons. So, if an Alkali metal reacts with a Halogen, the metal would give one of their electrons to the Halogen, that way, both of the elements can have an octet of electrons (or duplet).
The oldest type of bacteria is over 3 million years old I think. It comes from the cyanobacteria family! The bacteria is a type of algae! Discovered by Gregorio V. in the Late 1900's.
Cell Wall
Explanation:
About 63% of the bacteria tested were Gram-negative, which means that they have a cell wall that is more resistant to certain classes of antibiotics than the cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria.
Alcohol inhibits<span> the </span>pituitary secretion<span> of anti-diuretic hormone (</span>ADH<span>), which acts on the kidney to reabsorb water. </span>Alcohol<span> acts on the hypothalamus/</span>pituitary<span> to reduce the circulating levels of </span>ADH<span>. When </span>ADH<span> levels drop, the kidneys do not reabsorb as much water; consequently, the kidneys produce more urine.</span>
Mostly like option C. (it has more energy ) would be your answer for this question
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