Answer:
D
Explanation:
A perfect competition is characterized by many buyers and sellers of homogenous goods and services. Market prices are set by the forces of demand and supply. There are no barriers to entry or exit of firms into the industry.
In the long run, firms earn zero economic profit. If in the short run firms are earning economic profit, in the long run firms would enter into the industry. This would drive economic profit to zero.
Also, if in the short run, firms are earning economic loss, in the long run, firms would exit the industry until economic profit falls to zero.
Profit is maximised where marginal cost equals marginal revenue.
Salutary products are products that have low immediate appeal but may benefit consumers in the long run.
<h3>What is Long Run?</h3>
There is a time frame known as the long run during which all cost and production elements are erratic. In the long run, businesses modify every expense, but in the short term, they can only affect prices by changing their production levels. A company may also anticipate competition in the long run, even though it may currently have a monopoly in the near term.
A long run is a span of time during which a manufacturer or producer can make production-related decisions with some latitude. Depending on the predicted profits, businesses can either increase or decrease their production capacity, or enter or leave a certain industry.
In order to achieve an equilibrium between supply and demand, firms that look at the long term understand that they cannot change output levels.
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Here, the five elements include all of the following except- None of these choices are correct
<h3><u>
What are the five elements of internal control ?</u></h3>
Different internal control systems function with varying degrees of efficacy. A judgment on an internal control system's effectiveness is made after evaluating if each of the five components -
- Control Environment-The tone of an institution is defined by the control environment created by the organization's management, which also has an impact on the individuals who work there.
- Risk Assessment-Every entity must evaluate the many risks it confronts from both internal and external sources. Setting up objectives that are internally consistent and related at various levels is a prerequisite for risk assessment.
- Control Activities-The rules and practices that guarantee management directions are followed are known as control activities. They aid in ensuring that the required steps are made to address risks preventing the entity from achieving its goals.
- Information and Communication-Relevant information must be located, recorded, and disseminated in a way and at a pace that makes it possible for recipients to fulfill their duties. Effective communication must flow up, down, and throughout the company in a wide sense.
- Monitoring-Regular management and supervision tasks, as well as other actions staff members do while carrying out their jobs, constitute ongoing monitoring, which evaluates the effectiveness of internal control system performance.
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Answer:
a
Explanation:
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