He expected help from British ships sent from New York, however the ships never arrived so he had no choice.
There were many factors that allowed the Byzantine Empire to last a 1000 years after the end of the Roman Empire which include the fact that Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire, was protected with walls that lasted almost the entire 1000 years, making Constantinople, and the center of the empire's economy/culture impervious to invaders.
Answer:
I'm pretty sure modernized is the correct answer.
Explanation:
